Home Science 216 Solved Assignment 2021 - 22 | NIOS Secondary Solved Assignment (2021 - 22)

 NIOS Solved Assignments (2021-22)
Home Science 216 Solved Assignment 2021 - 22
Tutor Marked Assignment
Max Marks: 20

Note: (i) All questions are compulsory. The Marks allotted for each question are given beside the questions.

(ii) Write your name, enrollment numbers, AI name and subject on the first page of the answer sheet.

1. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.  2

(a) ‘Home Science’ is both art and science, justify and tell two career opportunities after studying home science. (See Lesson 1, 12)

Ans: Home Science is a field of study which combines both art and science. There are many career opportunities for the students of Home Science. The first career opportunity is in the field of healthcare, where one might work as a nurse or as a doctor’s assistant. The second career opportunity is in the field of sociology and psychology where one might work as a researcher or counselor.

(b) How can we use the knowledge of home science in home decoration to make a small house look spacious give four examples to explain. (See Lesson 1, 12)

Ans: The knowledge in home science has always been useful for the people in their daily life even in decorating small houses.  By using the knowledge of home science, we can make a small house look large and spacious Here are four examples of it:

1) Paint the walls light colours for example pink.

1) Use natural light instead of table lamp.

4) Use mirrors to create the illusion of space;

4) Hang paintings and artwork on the walls not of table and furniture;

गृह विज्ञान (216)| Home Science 216 NIOS Free Solved Assignment 2021 – 22 (Hindi Medium)

2. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.     2

(a) Give the importance of balanced diet. (See Lesson 3, 5)

Ans: A balanced diet is very important because it helps in maintaining good health and avoiding diseases. It provides our body all important nutrients which help us to grow, develop and stay healthy. Balanced diets are key for good health. It also helps in lowering pressure and blood sugar level.

(b) Give four ways to maintain food hygiene. (See Lesson 3, 5)

Ans: Four ways to maintain food hygiene:

1. Clean your hands thoroughly with soap and water before and after preparing food.

2. Always wash fresh fruit and vegetables before cooking and eating.

3. Store vegetables and fruits in fridge

4. Always cook vegetables and meat thoroughly before eating.

3. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.       2

(a) Discuss two products each made from natural and man – made fibres and give two reasons why sorting should be done before washing clothes. (See Lesson 9, 10)

Ans: Natural fibres are made from plants, animals or minerals.

For example:

1. Silk is made from silk a cocoon which is one of the most popular natural fibres for making clothes because of its smooth feel and high value.

2. Wool made from the sheep’s hair which is used mostly in winter season.

Man-made fibres are created from synthetics or processes such as spinning, weaving or knitting.

For example:

1. Synthetic Fibers: synthetic fabrics that have been manufactured from raw materials by chemical processes or extrusion, for example polyester and nylon.

2. Manufactured Fibers: A man-made fiber that has been spun, woven, knitted into a textile fabric, for example rayon and acetate.

There are two main reasons why laundry should be sorted before washing:

1. Firstly, natural fabrics need less detergent than man-made fabrics, and

2. Secondly, different types of clothes require different conditions. Natural fabrics should be washed at 30C with softener and man-made fabrics should be washed at 40C with no softener.

(b) Give two differences between gray fabric and finished fabric and Explain the method of marbeling and knotting to make colourful duppattas by tie and dye method. (See Lesson 9, 10, 11)

Ans: Difference between gray fabric and finished fabric:

1. Gray fabric does not have any color added to it. Finished fabric has some color added to it – usually white.

2. Gray fabric does not have any finishing, such as sheen and texture. Finished fabric have finishing.

Tie and dye is an ancient art of Indian textiles. It is quite popular in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and other countries. Marbling refers to the act of creating patterns by spreading colours on a surface with paints or inks while they are still wet. Knotting means fixing the folds while dyeing the yarns while packing them closely together to form a tight knot. The tie-dye technique is used to create colourful fabrics which are popular worldwide because of their eye catching nature. They are made by tying knots on yarns before dyeing them with different colours one by one.

4. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words.           4

(a) Your family of six member comprising of grandparents, parents and two children have planned to go on a trip to Goa for two weeks. Help them two make their trip successful by : (See Lesson 14, 15)

(i) Show the steps of management process.

(ii) Make a time plan for a day that you would follow during the trip.

Ans: Our family planned for a day trip to Goa. In our family there are 6 members comprising of grandparents, parents and two children. The grandparents are not very active, so it is necessary that they are taken care of when the parents have work commitments.

It is necessary that everyone is aware of what each person needs in order to have a smooth day. It is important for the parents to know how many hours they can manage with their children before they get tired and how much time the grandparents require before they need some rest.

The most essential part of this process is communication between all members in order to plan out an itinerary with things that fit everyone’s abilities and skill sets so that there are no clashes or conflicts.

(i) Steps of management process of trip:

a)    Do plan for your travel in advance

b)   Do consult with your parents to get their consent before booking the tickets

c)    Don't book a hotel without consulting with your parents

d)   Don't take too much luggage for a day trip to Goa

e)   Do carry only essentials that you need to stay comfortable during the day

(ii) Time plan for a day trip to goa:

Planning a day trip to Goa seems like an easy task. However, when you are not familiar with the city or are there for the first time, it can be quite difficult to manage the time in a way that you see all the major tourist attractions. Due to this we have taken the help of guide who plan our trip as follows:

a) The itinerary starts with an early morning breakfast at 8 AM and ends at 10 PM when you can enjoy some delicious seafood dinner.

b) There are many beaches in Goa, but one of the most famous ones is Palolem Beach. We plan to visit this beach by 10 AM. This beach is one of the best places to visit in Goa when you have limited time.

c) Palolem Beach also has some shops where we plan a shopping around 12 noon.

d) We will took lunch at The Fisherman's Cove around 2 pm.

e) We will visit Anjuna Beach after lunch. Anjuna Beach is an amazing place to hangout with your friends and enjoy the music from the bar.

f) We will visit Arambol Beach around 5 pm. Arambol Beach is one of the most popular beaches in Goa that has been ranked as one of nicest beaches in Asia. It is famous for its fishing spots, country markets, and small villages.

g) Finally we will take our especially some fresh seafood at The Fisherman's Cove. 

(b) You have come to the city for higher studies and live alone in a rented accommodation. Share the following with your friend: (See Lesson 3, 19)

(i) Explain the advantages of living in a joint family to your friend.

(ii) Plan a weekly menu for yourself which you will give to your food vendor.

Ans: Only one question is necessary

5. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words.                  4

(a) Your mother bought a washing machine from a reputed company during ‘sale period’ which developed a defect after a week. (See Lesson 22)

(i) Tell your mother what are her rights as a consumer (any two)

(ii) What can be a possible disadvantage of buying a product during ‘sale period’?

Ans: (i) Tell your mother what are her rights as a consumer (any two)

Many consumers buy a product during a sale period and later realise that the item they bought is faulty. When this happens they have legal protections as a consumer. I tell my grandmother about her right against any loss from washing machine she bought under sale period:

a) If you have bought a washing machine under the sale period, the company only has to replace it with a new one.

b) If you have bought a washing machine during or after the sale period, then the company will compensate you with cash if any loss caused.

(ii) Disadvantages of buying a product during sale period:

Many consumers buy a product during a sale period and later realise that the item they bought is faulty. When this happens they have legal protections as a consumer.

Some people buy products during sale period for the wrong reasons. They tend to buy items without considering all the factors. Buying a product at a discount does not mean that it is worth buying.

Weighing utility and quality, many customers pay more than the actual price of the product to get something of higher quality. There is no point in buying an expensive washing machine because it is on sale if you are looking for long-term value or are not sure about how often you will use it.

(b) You have been asked by the Gram-Panchyat to talk about health give your talk on the following points. (See Lesson 7, 8)

(i) Define health and give two characteristics each of good physical and mental health.

(ii) What four measures can you take at home to avoid communicable diseases?

Ans: Only one question is necessary

6. Prepare any one project out of the given below:               6

(a) Visit your neighbourhood and find out the following details: (See Lesson 8)

 (i) How many of the 60 yr old and above have taken the vaccine for Covid – 19? Why is vaccine important for infectious diseases?

(ii) What safety measures did your family adopt to protect themselves from getting infected with Covid – 19?

(iii) Write a poem / song to apprise about the safety measures to be taken to prevent communicable diseases.

Ans: Only one question is necessary

(b) Talk to your grandparents or elderly people in your neighbourhood and gather the following information. (See Lesson 5, 6, 20)

(i) How did they preserve seasonal food items without refrigeration?

(ii) Why was there less noise pollution in their time? Can those practices be used now?

(iii) What challenges did adolescent girls face in their time?

Ans: (i) After a long discussion from my grandparents and other elderly people in my neighbourhood, I sort out some effecting method of preserving seasonal foods which are listed below:

Ans: (i) After a long discussion from my grandparents and other elderly people in my neighbourhood, I sort out some effecting method of preserving seasonal foods which are listed below:

a)    One method is to freeze the item in a sealed container or bag. This is an effective way that has been used for a long time. However, with the development of new technologies, freezing food items can have some negative effects on its quality and taste. For this reason, it is not the most recommended preservation method by experts in the field.

b)   The other method is to dry the item using a dehydrator or oven with low heat settings. Dehydration can be done in two ways: air-drying and sun-drying. The former involves drying out the food with circulating air while sun-drying needs sunlight exposure to make it happen. It usually takes more time than air drying but can be done almost anywhere and is a favorite for those that enjoy a hands-on approach.

c)    One tasty way to preserve your food is by putting it into a pot of cold water. This technique has been used for centuries. Another technique is heating the food items with the heat of the sun.

d)   Smoking is the oldest method of preserving seasonal food. Smoking can be done at home using a smoker or by using an outdoor grill for cold smoking.

(ii) In the past, there was less noise pollution because of a few factors.

a)    For one, there were fewer cars on the road.

b)   In addition, people in that time would usually walk or take public transport to get around so they were not constantly surrounded by noise.

c)    Finally, this time period was before the days of TVs and radios so there was a lot less sound coming from home appliances.

We can't really use these practices in our current society because we have a lot more vehicles on the roads and most people have their own cars now which is making it hard to avoid traffic noise. In addition, most people don't walk around anymore and instead they either drive or take public transit which means that they are surrounded by noise constantly. The noise pollution in their time was less because the population was smaller and the environment was cleaner. That doesn't mean that they can use those practices now. They need to apply more strict standards to reduce the amount of noise pollution in our environment.

(iii) The girls of the past had to deal with different challenges than what we face today. Most of these challenges were caused because the world was so much quieter in their time.

They had to be submissive, obedient and subservient to their parents.

They were not allowed to go out of home without their parents’ permission. They were not allowed to play with boys or talk with unknown people.

They were required to do household chores like cooking, washing clothes, cleaning house and taking care of babies.

But, the challenge that the adolescent girls face today are much different than what they faced in their grandparents’ time. Today, girls face struggles such as social media pressures, body image issues and sexual harassment.