TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT
(TMA: 2019 - 20)
SOCIOLOGY (331)
1. Answer any one of the following questions in about
40-60 words:
a) How do norms give cohesion to society?
Ans.:- Norms
give cohesion to society. The collective and co-operative life of people is
made possible because of norms. The normative system gives society an internal
cohesion, without which social life is not possible. For example, in an office,
all the employees including the boss have to follow certain rules regarding
punctuality and completing office work.
(b) Justify how competition is a struggle for position
to gain economic status?
Ans.:-
Competition is a struggle for position to gain economic status:- The status of the
individual, or a group of individuals, in the social order is determined by
several indicators, such as income, wealth, social, prestige, political power,
education, etc. Competition is defined as a contest to obtain something, which
does not exist in adequate quantity to meet the demand.
2. Answer any one of the following questions in about
40-60 words:
(a) Do you think, sentiments have a background of
historical and cultural legacy? Give examples to support your answer.
Ans.:- Sentiments
have a background of historical and cultural legacy. As we know, it was the
divide and rule policy of British which created such a strong and deadly
religious sentiment among the Hindus and Muslims during the colonial times.
Hindus had lived with Muslims for one thousand years without ever encountering
a deadly and explosive situation as was the case during the British period.
(b) Describe how conflict leads to social change?
Ans.:- Earlier,
sociologists did not consider conflict as a social process as it conveyed primarily
an antisocial activity. Later it was pointed out that conflict is not
pathological. Sometimes conflict performs certain important functions. Conflict
has certain positive consequences for the society. At least, t recognize the
divergent opinions and new points of view and becomes qite instrumental in
bringing about social change.
Conflict refers
to the deliberate attempt to oppose, resist or coerce the will of others. As a
process, conflict is the opposite of co-operation. Conflict might lead to antagonism,
violence or threat to peace.
3. Answer any one of the following questions in about
40-60 words:
(a) How each status does typically includes number of
role. Explain with examples.
Ans.:- Each
status typically includes a number of roles. A person who holds the status of
teacher behaves one way with students, another way with other faculty members
and still another way with the principal. The collection of roles that goes
with a given status is termed a – roles set.
(b) How is Muslim marriage different from Hindu
marriage?
Ans.:-Hindu
marriage is a sacrament which purifies a person. Marriage is considered so
sacred that there is no provision for divorce in the Hindu texts. In fact,
marriage is considered a union of two souls which remain faithful to each other
forever.
Muslim marriage
or Nikah is a civil contract between a man and a woman for the purpose of
legalizing sexual relationship and the procreation of children. In this sense,
it is different from Hindu marriage. The Muslim marriage-contract or agreement,
can be broken at the will of the husband or wife. It can also be broken if
either the husband or the wife fails to carry out the promises made at the time
of marriage.
4. Answer any one of the following questions in about
100 to 150 words.
(a) How synthesis between traditional values and
modern values can be acquired? Describe with examples.
Ans.:- Synthesis
between the traditional and modern values can be acquired. A couple of examples
will clarify the situation. Traditionally castes emphasize the ritual dimension
of status. In modern India, the castes are increasingly becoming secularized in
that they perform instrumental functions for their members. Thus caste
association opens educational institutions, establishes financial agencies to
provide funds for housing, etc. These secularization of castes in terms of
functions, particularly in urban India, changes their substance while retaining
the traditional forms. The traditional caste pluralism, which was based on
ritual purity, is no more functional. In this way the gap between traditional
and modern values has been bridged.
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