Logic and Philosophy Question Paper' 2014
AHSEC Class 12 Question Papers
Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 30
Time: 3 hours
1.
Give very short answer: 1x12=12
a) “In
an inductive inference the conclusion follows necessarily from the premises.”
It is false?
b) Find
out the correct answer:
In analogy, we pass from particular to general / particular to
particular / general to particular / general to general.
c) In
which of the following kinds of induction, there is no inductive leap?
1) Scientific
induction.
2) Analogy.
3) Perfect
induction.
4) Unscientific
induction.
d) “The
group of induction is itself a result of induction.” – who did say this
statement?
e) Which
of the following is not a condition of correct observation?
1) The
observer must be intellectually sound.
2) The
observer must be impartial.
3) The
observer must use artificial instruments.
4) The
observer must have sound mind and body.
f) State
any one condition of a legitimate hypothesis.
g) Fill
up the blank:
Hypothesis is a _____ supposition.
h) Name
the experimental method which is based on the following canon of elimination:
“Whatever antecedent can be left out, without prejudice to the effect,
can be no part of the cause.”
i)
Give an example of primary quality.
j)
Who is the author of “An Essay Concerning Human
Understanding”?
k) Which
of the following is an object of moral judgement?
1) Random
action.
2) Habitual
action.
3) Instinctive
action.
4) Action
of children.
l)
What is the meaning of the word ‘Mores’?
2.
Define scientific induction with suitable example. 1+1=2
3.
State two points of difference between scientific induction and unscientific
induction. 2
4.
Define good analogy with suitable example. 1+1=2
5.
What do you mean by paradox of induction? 2
6.
How many forms of uniformity of nature are there and what are they? 2
Or
Distinguish between agent and patient with the help of
suitable example. 2
7.
Briefly explain conjunction of causes with the help of suitable example. 2
Or
Distinguish between plurality of causes and conjunction of
causes. 2
8.
Mention any two qualitative marks of causation. 2
9.
State any two advantages of observation over experiment. 2
10.
Give such a concrete example of the method of agreement where we proceed from
cause to effect. 2
11.
Why are the inductive methods called ‘method of elimination’? 2
12.
Explain the etymological meaning of any one of the following words: 2
a)
Religion.
b)
Dharma.
13.
Who did define religion as the “recognition of all our duties as divine
commandments”? Mention one defect of this definition. 1+1=2
Or
Who did define religion as “an emotion resting on a
conviction of harmony between ourselves and universe at large”? Mention one
defect of this definition. 1+1=2
14.
Explain with example the quantitative mark of cause from the standpoint of the
principle of conservation of energy. 4
15.
State four uses of hypothesis. 4
Or
Briefly explain the four stages of hypothesis. 4
16.
What is a crucial instance? Briefly explain a crucial instance obtained by
simple observation with the help of a suitable example. 2+2=4
17.
State two advantages and two disadvantages of the joint method of agreement and
difference. 2+2=4
Or
State two advantages and two disadvantages of the method of
concomitant variation. 2+2=4
18.
What do you mean by realism? State any two differences between naïve realism
and scientific realism. 2+2=4
19.
Briefly express four points of criticism against naïve realism. 4
Or
Briefly express four points of criticism against scientific
realism. 4
20.
What do you mean by idealism? State two points of difference between realism
and idealism. 2+2=4
21.
What do you mean by a normative science? Why ethics is called a normative
science? 2+2=4
22.
Does the end justify the means? Give a reasoned analysis with the help of a
concrete example. 4
Or
What is motive? Distinguish between motive and intention. 1+3=4
23.
Mention four points of similarity between religion and morality. 4
24.
State three similarities and three dissimilarities between analogy and
unscientific inductio 3+3=6
25.
Briefly explain, with example, each of the three kinds of hypothesis according
to L. S. Stebbing. 2+2+2=6
26.
“The method of agreement is a method of discovery and method of difference is a
method of proof.” – Explain the significance of this remark. 6
Or
Define the method of difference in your own words and give a
concrete example of it. Point out, with the help of an example, how a careless
use of this method leads to the fallacy of post hoc ergo propter hoc. 2+2+2=6
27.
What is Berkeley’s subjective idealism? Briefly express four points of
criticism against this idealism. 2+4=6
Or
What is objective idealism? Briefly express four
characteristics of this kind of idealism. 2+4=6
Also Read: AHSEC Class 12 Logic and Philosophy Question Paper
Logic and Philosophy Solved Question Papers' 2014
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